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[Bioc-devel] Best Practices for Renaming S4 Slots

11 messages · Chris Eeles, Vincent Carey, Hervé Pagès

#
Hello BioC community,

I am the lead developer for the CoreGx, PharmacoGx, RadioGx and ToxicoGx packages. We have recently been working on major updates to the structure of a CoreSet, which is inherited by the main class in all three of the other packages listed.

While making these changes, we would like to rename some CoreSet slots to increase the amount of code that can be refactored into CoreGx, simplifying maintenance and development of inheriting packages in the future.

The slot names and their accessors will be made more generic, for example the 'cell' slot will become 'sample' to allow a CoreSet derived class to store Biological model systems other than cancer cell lines. Similarly, 'drug' or 'radiation' slots in inheriting packages will be replaced with a 'treatment' slot in the CoreSet. This will allow us to simplify inheritance, removing much redundant code from the inheriting packages and setting us up to integrate other lab packages, such as Xeva for PDX models, into the general CoreSet infrastructure.

I took a brief look through the Bioconductor developer documentation but didn't see anything talking about best practices for renaming slots.

It is easy enough to make the code changes, but my major concern is being able to update existing objects from these packages to use the new slot names.

I am aware of the updateObject function in BiocGenerics, but tried using it to update some example data in CoreGx without success.

Is this the proper function to use when you wish to update an S4 object whose class definition has been modified? If not, is there existing infrastructure for accomplishing this task?

Any tips for implementing slot renaming, as well as links to existing documentation or articles on the topic would be appreciated.

Best,
---
Christopher Eeles
Software Developer
BHK Laboratory<https://nam05.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bhklab.ca%2F&data=02%7C01%7Ctao.qing%40yale.edu%7Ce130a2d3267b46a945ab08d79f7660ad%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C637153203084194682&sdata=nGXPfLnlbcaLQdDOHFDmp4lZ7lD9H29uFeVCAqjT9Ds%3D&reserved=0>
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#
On 14/10/2021 13:08, Chris Eeles wrote:
Yes updateObject() is the proper function to use but the function has no 
way to guess how to fix your objects. The way you tell it what to do is 
by implementing methods for your objects.

For example if you renamed the 'cell' slot -> 'sample', your 
updateObject() method will be something like this:


setMethod("updateObject", "CoreSet",

     function(object, ..., verbose=FALSE)

     {
         ## The "cell" slot was renamed -> "sample" in CoreGx_1.7.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "cell")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at cell,
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           curation=object at curation)
             return(object)
         }
         object
     }
)

The best time to do this internal renaming is at the beginning of the 
BioC 3.15 development cycle (i.e. right after the 3.14 release).

If in the future, other slots get renamed or added, you'll need to 
modify the updateObject() method above like this:

setMethod("updateObject", "CoreSet",



     function(object, ..., verbose=FALSE)



     {

         ## The "cell" slot was renamed -> "sample" in CoreGx_1.7.1.

         if (.hasSlot(object, "cell")) {

             object <- new("CoreSet",

                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,

                           annotation=object at annotation,

                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,

                           sample=object at cell,

                           datasetType=object at datasetType,

                           perturbation=object at perturbation,

                           titi=object at curation)  # use "titi" here too!

             return(object)

         }

         ## The "curation" slot was renamed -> "titi" in CoreGx_1.9.1.

         if (.hasSlot(object, "curation")) {

             object <- new("CoreSet",

                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,

                           annotation=object at annotation,

                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,

                           sample=object at sample,
   # use "sample" here!
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,

                           perturbation=object at perturbation,

                           titi=object at curation)

             return(object)

         }

         object

     }

)

And so on...

Hope this helps,
H.

  
    
#
Hi Chris,

There was some formatting issues with my previous answer so I'm sending 
it again. Hopefully this time the formatting is better. See below.
On 14/10/2021 13:08, Chris Eeles wrote:
Yes updateObject() is the proper function to use but the function has no 
way to guess how to fix your objects. The way you tell it what to do is 
by implementing methods for your objects.

For example if you renamed the 'cell' slot -> 'sample', your 
updateObject() method will be something like this:


setMethod("updateObject", "CoreSet",
     function(object, ..., verbose=FALSE)
     {
         ## The "cell" slot was renamed -> "sample" in CoreGx_1.7.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "cell")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at cell,
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           curation=object at curation)
             return(object)
         }
         object
     }
)

The best time to do this internal renaming is at the beginning of the 
BioC 3.15 development cycle (i.e. right after the 3.14 release).

If in the future, other slots get renamed or added, you'll need to 
modify the updateObject() method above like this:

setMethod("updateObject", "CoreSet",
     function(object, ..., verbose=FALSE)
     {
         ## The "cell" slot was renamed -> "sample" in CoreGx_1.7.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "cell")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at cell,
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           titi=object at curation)  # use "titi" here too!
             return(object)
         }
         ## The "curation" slot was renamed -> "titi" in CoreGx_1.9.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "curation")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at sample,  # use "sample" here!
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           titi=object at curation)
             return(object)
         }
         object
     }
)

And so on...

Hope this helps,
H.

  
    
#
Thanks Herve,

I actually got the updateObject method working after sending this email, but thanks for the information. Maybe it is worth adding a section on this topic to the Bioconductor developer section?

Unfortunately, I was unaware that the start of development cycle was the best time to implement this change. I am currently planning to have this done for the 3.14 release.

I am introducing new accessors as well but keeping the old ones for backwards compatibility using aliases.

How discouraged are slot name changes in a release? A lot of the changes on our road map require the slots to be renamed so it would significantly delay required features if I were to wait.

I plan to put in the work so that those using accessors shouldn't notice a difference.

Best,
Chris

-----Original Message-----
From: Herv? Pag?s <hpages.on.github at gmail.com> 
Sent: October 15, 2021 12:39 PM
To: Chris Eeles <christopher.eeles at outlook.com>; bioc-devel at r-project.org
Subject: Re: [Bioc-devel] Best Practices for Renaming S4 Slots

Hi Chris,

There was some formatting issues with my previous answer so I'm sending it again. Hopefully this time the formatting is better. See below.
On 14/10/2021 13:08, Chris Eeles wrote:
Yes updateObject() is the proper function to use but the function has no way to guess how to fix your objects. The way you tell it what to do is by implementing methods for your objects.

For example if you renamed the 'cell' slot -> 'sample', your
updateObject() method will be something like this:


setMethod("updateObject", "CoreSet",
     function(object, ..., verbose=FALSE)
     {
         ## The "cell" slot was renamed -> "sample" in CoreGx_1.7.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "cell")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at cell,
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           curation=object at curation)
             return(object)
         }
         object
     }
)

The best time to do this internal renaming is at the beginning of the 
BioC 3.15 development cycle (i.e. right after the 3.14 release).

If in the future, other slots get renamed or added, you'll need to 
modify the updateObject() method above like this:

setMethod("updateObject", "CoreSet",
     function(object, ..., verbose=FALSE)
     {
         ## The "cell" slot was renamed -> "sample" in CoreGx_1.7.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "cell")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at cell,
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           titi=object at curation)  # use "titi" here too!
             return(object)
         }
         ## The "curation" slot was renamed -> "titi" in CoreGx_1.9.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "curation")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at sample,  # use "sample" here!
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           titi=object at curation)
             return(object)
         }
         object
     }
)

And so on...

Hope this helps,
H.

  
    
#
On 15/10/2021 10:10, Chris Eeles wrote:
100% discouraged. Not an option. Worst time to do it. Please don't do 
it! ;-)

This a major change and is possibly very disruptive. Changing the 
internals of an S4 class is tricky and is likely to be disruptive. 
Especially if you expect others to have serialized instances of your 
objects around. It needs to be done very carefully and it can take time 
to get it right. We're way to close to the 3.14 release for such a change.

I hope you understand.

Thanks,
H.

  
    
#
Message received. I will leave that branch for later. Is this information available on the Bioconductor website at all? It would have been useful to find out sooner.

Best,
Chris

-----Original Message-----
From: Bioc-devel <bioc-devel-bounces at r-project.org> On Behalf Of Chris Eeles
Sent: October 15, 2021 1:10 PM
To: Herv? Pag?s <hpages.on.github at gmail.com>; bioc-devel at r-project.org
Subject: Re: [Bioc-devel] Best Practices for Renaming S4 Slots

Thanks Herve,

I actually got the updateObject method working after sending this email, but thanks for the information. Maybe it is worth adding a section on this topic to the Bioconductor developer section?

Unfortunately, I was unaware that the start of development cycle was the best time to implement this change. I am currently planning to have this done for the 3.14 release.

I am introducing new accessors as well but keeping the old ones for backwards compatibility using aliases.

How discouraged are slot name changes in a release? A lot of the changes on our road map require the slots to be renamed so it would significantly delay required features if I were to wait.

I plan to put in the work so that those using accessors shouldn't notice a difference.

Best,
Chris

-----Original Message-----
From: Herv? Pag?s <hpages.on.github at gmail.com>
Sent: October 15, 2021 12:39 PM
To: Chris Eeles <christopher.eeles at outlook.com>; bioc-devel at r-project.org
Subject: Re: [Bioc-devel] Best Practices for Renaming S4 Slots

Hi Chris,

There was some formatting issues with my previous answer so I'm sending it again. Hopefully this time the formatting is better. See below.
On 14/10/2021 13:08, Chris Eeles wrote:
Yes updateObject() is the proper function to use but the function has no way to guess how to fix your objects. The way you tell it what to do is by implementing methods for your objects.

For example if you renamed the 'cell' slot -> 'sample', your
updateObject() method will be something like this:


setMethod("updateObject", "CoreSet",
     function(object, ..., verbose=FALSE)
     {
         ## The "cell" slot was renamed -> "sample" in CoreGx_1.7.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "cell")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at cell,
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           curation=object at curation)
             return(object)
         }
         object
     }
)

The best time to do this internal renaming is at the beginning of the BioC 3.15 development cycle (i.e. right after the 3.14 release).

If in the future, other slots get renamed or added, you'll need to modify the updateObject() method above like this:

setMethod("updateObject", "CoreSet",
     function(object, ..., verbose=FALSE)
     {
         ## The "cell" slot was renamed -> "sample" in CoreGx_1.7.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "cell")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at cell,
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           titi=object at curation)  # use "titi" here too!
             return(object)
         }
         ## The "curation" slot was renamed -> "titi" in CoreGx_1.9.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "curation")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at sample,  # use "sample" here!
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           titi=object at curation)
             return(object)
         }
         object
     }
)

And so on...

Hope this helps,
H.
--
Herv? Pag?s

Bioconductor Core Team
hpages.on.github at gmail.com

_______________________________________________
Bioc-devel at r-project.org mailing list
https://na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fstat.ethz.ch%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Fbioc-devel&amp;data=04%7C01%7C%7C170e009bdbda4e7f182308d990000468%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637699152031882488%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&amp;sdata=nNq88Xhpby%2FVJxZ%2BdBWPk72Cp%2FS3EsaFgQ3FhrkaaH4%3D&amp;reserved=0
#
I will defer to Herve about all details, but I would say that this level of
change control is implied by the "no changes
to package API without an interval of deprecation spanning at least one
release".  See https://bioconductor.org/developers/how-to/deprecation/
That text mentions that removal may take 18 months.

Whatever is exposed cannot be changed without a deprecation period,
in which the functionality is preserved, but notification is given to
users/developers, through .Deprecated, that
functionality will change and advice is given on the alternate approach to
be used.

Is a slot name part of the API?  It isn't completely obvious, but in the
case of serialized objects, it turns out that it is.
I don't know that our guidelines have sufficient details on this process,
but we welcome your input on where to
best outline/advertise this.

On Fri, Oct 15, 2021 at 1:22 PM Chris Eeles <christopher.eeles at outlook.com>
wrote:

  
    
#
Our release schedule mentions the API freeze which happened 2 days ago: 
https://bioconductor.org/developers/release-schedule/

We're in the process of finalizing the 3.14 release and many 
Bioconductor developers are working hard at this time to get rid of as 
much ERRORs, TIMEOUTs, and WARNINGs as they can on the daily build 
report. I don't think this is unique to Bioconductor. Any software 
project will do something like this before a new release.

Cheers,
H.
On 15/10/2021 10:21, Chris Eeles wrote:

  
    
#
Hi Vincent,

Thanks for sharing your thoughts.

I guess my thinking was that the entire point of using S4 classes and OOP is having accessor methods to provide an implementation independent API. In the Bioconductor guidelines it specifically tells users not to access slots using the `@` operator, as an implementation change in the class may break any scripts doing so. Therefore, my changing slot names should have no effect on users following the Bioconductor coding best practices, assuming I maintain the old accessors methods with a .Deprecation warning, as per the cited guideline. That was indeed my plan.

So I would argue that no, class definitions are not part of the API, especially if I am just renaming slots. Indeed isn't that one of the supposed strengths of OOP programming and the use of interfaces?

Obviously I have already agreed to wait for 3.15 to make the changes, but I do not think it is clear from the current guidelines that deprecation rules apply to slots. Given that `@` isn't even a generic, there would be no way to send a message to the user except through the accessor methods, which they would never see if they weren't already using the accessor API. So for users accessing data via `@`, the deprecation guidelines provide no benefits because they failed to follow the best practices.

My opinion of the developer-user contract for S4 classes is that the API would not change without due warning, and if implementation really is independent of interface, then any changes made to an S4 class should be fine, so long as all the original methods still work and can be deprecated according to the cited guidelines.

Additionally, if changes to a class require so much work, it incentives developers to simply ditch old S4 classes and reimplement them in a new package. Doesn't that go against the spirit of reuse that is supposed to be encouraged by adoption of S4 classes?

TL;DR - IMO API = interface; implementation is developer business

Best,
Chris

From: Vincent Carey <stvjc at channing.harvard.edu>
Sent: October 15, 2021 1:31 PM
To: Chris Eeles <christopher.eeles at outlook.com>
Cc: Herv? Pag?s <hpages.on.github at gmail.com>; bioc-devel at r-project.org
Subject: Re: [Bioc-devel] Best Practices for Renaming S4 Slots

I will defer to Herve about all details, but I would say that this level of change control is implied by the "no changes
to package API without an interval of deprecation spanning at least one release".  See https://bioconductor.org/developers/how-to/deprecation/<https://na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fbioconductor.org%2Fdevelopers%2Fhow-to%2Fdeprecation%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C8ec56a4ffda74802e7ab08d990019bc7%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637699158846578705%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=1vILqDKSUJPMJ5gKZ1y%2Ftlf8rKtrZmX6tL6xGTINEo8%3D&reserved=0>
That text mentions that removal may take 18 months.

Whatever is exposed cannot be changed without a deprecation period,
in which the functionality is preserved, but notification is given to users/developers, through .Deprecated, that
functionality will change and advice is given on the alternate approach to be used.

Is a slot name part of the API?  It isn't completely obvious, but in the case of serialized objects, it turns out that it is.
I don't know that our guidelines have sufficient details on this process, but we welcome your input on where to
best outline/advertise this.
On Fri, Oct 15, 2021 at 1:22 PM Chris Eeles <christopher.eeles at outlook.com<mailto:christopher.eeles at outlook.com>> wrote:
Message received. I will leave that branch for later. Is this information available on the Bioconductor website at all? It would have been useful to find out sooner.

Best,
Chris

-----Original Message-----
From: Bioc-devel <bioc-devel-bounces at r-project.org<mailto:bioc-devel-bounces at r-project.org>> On Behalf Of Chris Eeles
Sent: October 15, 2021 1:10 PM
To: Herv? Pag?s <hpages.on.github at gmail.com<mailto:hpages.on.github at gmail.com>>; bioc-devel at r-project.org<mailto:bioc-devel at r-project.org>
Subject: Re: [Bioc-devel] Best Practices for Renaming S4 Slots

Thanks Herve,

I actually got the updateObject method working after sending this email, but thanks for the information. Maybe it is worth adding a section on this topic to the Bioconductor developer section?

Unfortunately, I was unaware that the start of development cycle was the best time to implement this change. I am currently planning to have this done for the 3.14 release.

I am introducing new accessors as well but keeping the old ones for backwards compatibility using aliases.

How discouraged are slot name changes in a release? A lot of the changes on our road map require the slots to be renamed so it would significantly delay required features if I were to wait.

I plan to put in the work so that those using accessors shouldn't notice a difference.

Best,
Chris

-----Original Message-----
From: Herv? Pag?s <hpages.on.github at gmail.com<mailto:hpages.on.github at gmail.com>>
Sent: October 15, 2021 12:39 PM
To: Chris Eeles <christopher.eeles at outlook.com<mailto:christopher.eeles at outlook.com>>; bioc-devel at r-project.org<mailto:bioc-devel at r-project.org>
Subject: Re: [Bioc-devel] Best Practices for Renaming S4 Slots

Hi Chris,

There was some formatting issues with my previous answer so I'm sending it again. Hopefully this time the formatting is better. See below.
On 14/10/2021 13:08, Chris Eeles wrote:
Yes updateObject() is the proper function to use but the function has no way to guess how to fix your objects. The way you tell it what to do is by implementing methods for your objects.

For example if you renamed the 'cell' slot -> 'sample', your
updateObject() method will be something like this:


setMethod("updateObject", "CoreSet",
     function(object, ..., verbose=FALSE)
     {
         ## The "cell" slot was renamed -> "sample" in CoreGx_1.7.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "cell")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at cell,
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           curation=object at curation)
             return(object)
         }
         object
     }
)

The best time to do this internal renaming is at the beginning of the BioC 3.15 development cycle (i.e. right after the 3.14 release).

If in the future, other slots get renamed or added, you'll need to modify the updateObject() method above like this:

setMethod("updateObject", "CoreSet",
     function(object, ..., verbose=FALSE)
     {
         ## The "cell" slot was renamed -> "sample" in CoreGx_1.7.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "cell")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at cell,
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           titi=object at curation)  # use "titi" here too!
             return(object)
         }
         ## The "curation" slot was renamed -> "titi" in CoreGx_1.9.1.
         if (.hasSlot(object, "curation")) {
             object <- new("CoreSet",
                           sensitivity=object at sensitivity,
                           annotation=object at annotation,
                           molecularProfiles=object at molecularProfiles,
                           sample=object at sample,  # use "sample" here!
                           datasetType=object at datasetType,
                           perturbation=object at perturbation,
                           titi=object at curation)
             return(object)
         }
         object
     }
)

And so on...

Hope this helps,
H.
--
Herv? Pag?s

Bioconductor Core Team
hpages.on.github at gmail.com<mailto:hpages.on.github at gmail.com>

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The information in this e-mail is intended only for the ...{{dropped:19}}
#
I find your arguments fairly reasonable.  I wonder if you have been through
the process of restoring
data from an object serialized with the old slot names, using the revised
package.  Maybe it is not even a use case for your
packages.  If you have worked through the implications of this change for
all dependent packages,
and since the policy on slot names is not clearly articulated, I would be
inclined to allow the change -- but I would like
to hear from other folks on bioc-devel and in our core.

On Fri, Oct 15, 2021 at 1:51 PM Chris Eeles <christopher.eeles at outlook.com>
wrote:

  
    
#
The reason I mentioned the API freeze was to emphasize that we are at a 
stage in our release schedule where we must be very careful to not make 
changes that are potentially disruptive. I'm sorry if this suggested 
that renaming a slot is changing the API. Let's be very clear on this: 
it's not.

However, in my experience, changing the internals of an S4 class tends 
to be disruptive. Not from an end-user point of view (they're supposed 
to use accessor functions), but from the point of view of other packages 
that rely on serialized objects (either from their own data/ folder or 
from an experiment package) for their examples, vignettes, and/or unit 
tests. These packages will break and their maintainers will need some 
time to identify the problem and address it.

So I stand to my initial recommendation to not do this now but to wait 
for the new BioC 3.15 development cycle. It's only 2 weeks away so it 
will delay Chris by 2 weeks only.

Cheers,
H.
On 15/10/2021 12:21, Vincent Carey wrote: