User error in calling predict/model.frame
Hi Russell, There may be some subtleties that I'm not picking up on, but the obvious problem is that the names of the predictors in newdata do not match the names of the predictors in dat. names(newdata) <- names(dat)[1:2] newdata$Y <- predict(lm.obj,newdata) does work on my machine. Best, Ista
On Fri, Jan 28, 2011 at 4:37 PM, Russell Pierce <rpier001 at ucr.edu> wrote:
I want to predict values from an existing lm (linear model, e.g. lm.obj) result in R using a new set of predictor variables (e.g. newdata). ?However, it seems that because my linear models was made by calling scale() on the target predictor that predict exits with an error, "Error in scale(xxA, center = 9.7846094491829, scale = 0.959413568556403) : object 'xxA' not found". ?By debugging predict, I can see that the error occurs in a call to model.frame. ?By debugging model frame I can see the error occurs with this command: ?variables <- eval(predvars, data, env); it seems likely that the error is because predvars looks like this: ? ?list(scale(xxA, center = 10.2058714830537, scale = 0.984627257169526), ? ?scale(xxB, center = 20.4491690881149, scale = 1.13765718273923)) An example case: ? ?dat <- data.frame(xxA = rnorm(20,10), xxB = rnorm(10,20)) ? ?dat$out <- with(dat,xxA+xxB+xxA*xxB+rnorm(20,20)) ? ?xVar <- "scale(xxA)" ? ?traceVar <- "scale(xxB)" ? ?DVname <- "out" ? ?lm.obj <- lm.res.scale <- lm(out ~ scale(xxA)*scale(xxB),data=dat) ? ?my.data <- lm.obj$model #load the data from the lm object ? ?X1 <- my.data[,xVar] ? ?X2 <- my.data[,traceVar] ? ?DV <- lm.obj$model[,DVname] ? ?newdata <- expand.grid(X1=c(-1,0,1),X2=c(-1,0,1)) ? ?newdata$X1 <- newdata$X1 * sd(my.data[,xVar]) ? ?newdata$X2 <- newdata$X2 * sd(my.data[,traceVar]) ? ?names(newdata) <- c(xVar,traceVar) #have to rename to original variable names for predict to work ? ?newdata$Y <- predict(lm.obj,newdata) Is there something I could do before passing newdata or lm.obj to predict() that would prevent the error? ?From the help file it looks like I might be able to do something with the terms, argument but I haven't quite figured out what I would need to do. Alternatively, is there a fix for model.frame that would prevent the error? ?Should predict() behave this way? Thanks for your time, Russell S. Pierce
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Ista Zahn Graduate student University of Rochester Department of Clinical and Social Psychology http://yourpsyche.org