Message-ID: <x265vhbsri.fsf@biostat.ku.dk>
Date: 2002-11-01T08:26:09Z
From: Peter Dalgaard
Subject: %in% not working
In-Reply-To: <3DC23289.5030703@uclink4.berkeley.edu>
Neil Klepeis <nklepeis at uclink4.berkeley.edu> writes:
> I'm at a loss on this one:
>
> > c(1.253) %in% seq(1.1,1.3,by=0.001)
> [1] FALSE
> > c(1.252) %in% seq(1.1,1.3,by=0.001)
> [1] TRUE
> > c(1.254) %in% seq(1.1,1.3,by=0.001)
> [1] TRUE
"Never trust exact equality with floating point operations."
Finite decimal fractions are not finite binary fractions and if you
compute them in two different ways you'll very likely get differences
in the last few bits because of rounding errors.
> seq(1.1,1.3,by=0.001)[154]
[1] 1.253
> seq(1.1,1.3,by=0.001)[154]-1.253
[1] 2.220446e-16
It's not different in principle from the fact that in 3-digit decimal
arithmetic 1/3 * 3 = 0.333 * 3 = 0.999
--
O__ ---- Peter Dalgaard Blegdamsvej 3
c/ /'_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics 2200 Cph. N
(*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen Denmark Ph: (+45) 35327918
~~~~~~~~~~ - (p.dalgaard at biostat.ku.dk) FAX: (+45) 35327907
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