test of spatial dependence??

How to test the spatial dependence of a column of data? for example

[...]

All I have is 25 numbers.

If you don't have coordinates of your data, as I understand here,
there's nothing you can do, of course ...
If you have coordinates, you should compute the variogram -and/or the
spatial covariance- of your data and look if they are meaningful.
Hint: read a book about geostatistics.

PS, could someone confirm that "spatial dependence" is equivalent to
"spatial correlation" or "spatial autocorrelation" or not.

So, to me there is a light difference, but it's really "for advanced
users", and maybe questionable.

Bye.