matrix exponential: M^0

-----Original Message-----
From:	Federico Calboli 
Sent:	Tuesday, January 20, 2004 5:40 PM
To:	r-help
Subject:	[R] matrix exponential: M^0

I would like to ask why the zeroeth power of a matrix gives me a matrix
of ones rather than the identity matrix:

D<-rbind(c(0,0,0),c(0,0,0),c(0,0,0))
D<-as.matrix(D)
D

     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    0    0    0
[2,]    0    0    0
[3,]    0    0    0

D^0

     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    1    1    1
[2,]    1    1    1
[3,]    1    1    1

I would have expected the identity matrix here.

I find the same result with every other square matrix I used.