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adding a factor column based on levels of another factor

4 messages · Henrik Andersson, Christoph Buser, Karen Kotschy

Original
Karen Kotschy
# 
Hi R users

Does anyone out there have a better/quicker way of adding a factor column
to a data frame based on levels of another factor?

I have a (large) data frame consisting of records for individual plants,
each represented by a unique ID number. The species of each plant is
indicated in the column "species", which is a factor column with many
different levels (species). There are multiple records for each species,
and there is no pattern to the order in which the species names appear in
the data frame.

e.g.
   uniqueID species   elev   ht   diam
1  1        sp2       3.5    1.3  55
2  2        sp2       4.2    0.5  15
3  3        sp3       3.2    1.0  13
4  4        sp65      2.2    2.0  14
5  5        sp43      5.4    5.7  20
6  6        sp2       2.5    4.1  32
7  7        sp12      1.1    0.9  5
8  8        sp3       3.4    3.6  2

I would like to add a factor column to this data frame, indicating to
which group each individual belongs. All individuals of the same species
will belong to the same group.

Is there a quick way of saying "for all instances of species1, give the
value 5, for all instances of species2, give the value 4, etc" (where 5
and 4 are levels of a factor)?

The only way I can think of doing it is to split the data frame by
species, then add a column to each subset showing the group, then
re-join all the subsets. This seems clumsy and prone to errors. Anyone
know a better way?

I've looked at expand.grid and gl but they don't seem to do what I want.

Thanks!

Karen Kotschy
Centre for Water in the Environment
University of the Witwatersrand
Johannesburg
South Africa
Henrik Andersson
# 
First create a dataframe with the translation you want, i.e.

one column with the species and another with the number you want in the end.

Then merge these two dataframes using 'merge' and voila..

I would start with looking at ?merge

Cheers, Henrik Andersson
Karen Kotschy wrote:

  
    

      
      
    

  


  


      

    

    

      
      

        


  

        

      Christoph Buser
    

    

      
      #
    

  


  

      
Hi Karen 

I am not sure if I understand correctly your question. If no,
please ignore this answer.
Do you want a new factor "group" which contains the same
information like "species", just with other names, e.g
1,2,... or "A","B",... ?

If yes you can do it like this

## Your data.frame (without ht & diam)
dat <- data.frame(uniqueID = factor(1:8),
                  species = c("sp2", "sp2", "sp3", "sp65", "sp43", "sp2",
                    "sp12", "sp3"),
                  elev = c(3.5, 4.2, 3.2, 2.2, 5.4, 2.5, 1.1, 3.4))
str(dat)
## new factor group (copy of species)
dat[,"group"] <- dat[,"species"]
## rename the levels into "1", "2", ... or whatever you want:
levels(dat[,"group"]) <- list("3" = "sp12", "4" = "sp2", "2" = "sp3",
                              "5" = "sp43", "1" = "sp65")
## control
dat[,"species"]
dat[,"group"]

Please be careful. This only changes the labels into 1,2,...
If you use for example 

as.numeric(dat[,"group"])

you will get the values that are behind the original
alphabetical ordering, meaning "sp12" is 1, "sp2" is 2, etc.
You can change this, too if necessary, using as.character() and
as.numeric() as well.

I hope this is helpful fro your problem.

Regards,

Christoph Buser

--------------------------------------------------------------
Christoph Buser <buser at stat.math.ethz.ch>
Seminar fuer Statistik, LEO C13
ETH (Federal Inst. Technology)	8092 Zurich	 SWITZERLAND
phone: x-41-44-632-4673		fax: 632-1228
http://stat.ethz.ch/~buser/
--------------------------------------------------------------

Karen Kotschy writes:
 > Hi R users
 > 
 > Does anyone out there have a better/quicker way of adding a factor column
 > to a data frame based on levels of another factor?
 > 
 > I have a (large) data frame consisting of records for individual plants,
 > each represented by a unique ID number. The species of each plant is
 > indicated in the column "species", which is a factor column with many
 > different levels (species). There are multiple records for each species,
 > and there is no pattern to the order in which the species names appear in
 > the data frame.
 > 
 > e.g.
 >    uniqueID species   elev   ht   diam
 > 1  1        sp2       3.5    1.3  55
 > 2  2        sp2       4.2    0.5  15
 > 3  3        sp3       3.2    1.0  13
 > 4  4        sp65      2.2    2.0  14
 > 5  5        sp43      5.4    5.7  20
 > 6  6        sp2       2.5    4.1  32
 > 7  7        sp12      1.1    0.9  5
 > 8  8        sp3       3.4    3.6  2
 > 
 > I would like to add a factor column to this data frame, indicating to
 > which group each individual belongs. All individuals of the same species
 > will belong to the same group.
 > 
 > Is there a quick way of saying "for all instances of species1, give the
 > value 5, for all instances of species2, give the value 4, etc" (where 5
 > and 4 are levels of a factor)?
 > 
 > The only way I can think of doing it is to split the data frame by
 > species, then add a column to each subset showing the group, then
 > re-join all the subsets. This seems clumsy and prone to errors. Anyone
 > know a better way?
 > 
 > I've looked at expand.grid and gl but they don't seem to do what I want.
 > 
 > Thanks!
 > 
 > Karen Kotschy
 > Centre for Water in the Environment
 > University of the Witwatersrand
 > Johannesburg
 > South Africa
 > 
 > ______________________________________________
 > R-help at stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
 > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
 > PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html

  
  


  


      

    

    

      
      

        


  

        

      Karen Kotschy
    

    

      
      #
    

  


  

      
Hello

Thanks for the replies. Merge was what I needed! But Christoph, I will
keep your email. What you described is something else I have been
wondering how to do in R...

Thanks again
Karen