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simple loop problemo (Geo brownian motion)

3 messages · newbster, Duncan Murdoch, Yihui Xie

#
I would like to plot multiple random walks onto the same graph.  My p
variable dictates how may random walks there will be.


par(mfrow=c(1,1))
p <- 100
N <- 1000
S0 <- 10
mu <- 0.03
sigma <- 0.2
nu <- mu-sigma^2/2
x <- matrix(rep(0,(N+1)*p),nrow=(N+1)) 
y <- matrix(rep(0,(N+1)*p),nrow=(N+1)) 
t<- (c(0:N))/N
for (j in 1:p)
{
z <- rnorm(N,0,1)
x[1,j] <- 0
y[1,j] <- S0
for (i in 1:N)
{
x[i+1,j] <- (1/sqrt(N))*sum(z[1:i])
y[i+1,j] <- y[1,j]*exp(nu*t[i+1]+sigma*x[i+1,j])
}

plot(t,y,type="l",xlab="time", ylab="Geometric Brownian motion")

}


Any help would be appreciated, thanks.
#
On 19/11/2010 1:09 PM, newbster wrote:
You can use the matplot function to plot multiple columns of a matrix at 
once.  So with your code as above, leave out the call to plot(), then  
matplot(t, y) would give you approximately what you're looking for 
(though the colour and symbol choices need some work).

You can get rid of the inner loop by using cumsum() and vectorized 
calculations; then it will be reasonably fast.

Another way to do this is to create the plot before the loop, then use 
lines() to add lines to it within the loop.  Then you need to guess the 
scale ahead of time, or do a little experimentation.

Duncan Murdoch
#
Maybe you can consider the brownian.motion() function in the animation
package, e.g.

library(animation)
ani.options(interval = 0.05, nmax = 150)
brownian.motion(pch = 21, cex = 5, col = "red", bg = "yellow", main =
"Demonstration of Brownian Motion")

Or here is another (awkward) example of several "parallel" groups of
random walks:

https://github.com/hadley/ggplot2/wiki/Using-ggplot2-animations-to-demonstrate-several-parallel-numerical-experiments-in-a-single-layout

Regards,
Yihui
--
Yihui Xie <xieyihui at gmail.com>
Phone: 515-294-2465 Web: http://yihui.name
Department of Statistics, Iowa State University
2215 Snedecor Hall, Ames, IA
On Fri, Nov 19, 2010 at 12:09 PM, newbster <gpm8342 at yahoo.com> wrote: