There are 20 distinct individuals, right? expno breaks the 20
individuals into five groups of 4, right? Is this a blocking factor?
If expno is treated as a blocking factor, the following is what you get:
> xy <- expand.grid(expno=letters[1:5],cond=letters[1:4],
+ time=factor(paste(1:2)))
> xy$subj <- factor(paste(xy$expno, xy$cond, sep=":"))
> xy$cond <- factor(xy$cond)
> xy$expno <- factor(xy$expno)
> xy$y <- rnorm(40)
> summary(aov(y~cond*time+Error(expno/cond), data=xy))
Error: expno
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Residuals 4 3.59 0.90
Error: expno:cond
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
cond 3 1.06 0.35 0.36 0.78
Residuals 12 11.86 0.99
Error: Within
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
time 1 2.27 2.27 1.38 0.26
cond:time 3 3.27 1.09 0.67 0.59
Residuals 16 26.19 1.64
If on the other hand this is analyzed as for a complete
randomized design, the following is the output:
> summary(aov(y~cond*time+Error(subj), data=xy))
Error: subj
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
cond 3 1.06 0.35 0.37 0.78
Residuals 16 15.46 0.97
Error: Within
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
time 1 2.27 2.27 1.38 0.26
cond:time 3 3.27 1.09 0.67 0.59
Residuals 16 26.19 1.64
On 10 Sep 2005, at 8:00 PM, Larry A Sonna wrote:
From: "Larry A Sonna" <larry_sonna at hotmail.com>
Date: 10 September 2005 12:10:06 AM
To: <r-help at stat.math.ethz.ch>
Subject: [R] Discrepancy between R and SPSS in 2-way, repeated
measures ANOVA
Dear R community,
I am trying to resolve a discrepancy between the way SPSS and R
handle 2-way, repeated measures ANOVA.
An experiment was performed in which samples were drawn before and
after treatment of four groups of subjects (control and disease
states 1, 2 and 3). Each group contained five subjects. An
experimental measurement was performed on each sample to yield a
"signal". The before and after treatment signals for each subject
were treated as repeated measures. We desire to obtain P values
for disease state ("CONDITION"), and the interaction between signal
over time and disease state ("CONDITION*TIME").
Using SPSS, the following output was obtained:
DF SumSq (Type 3) Mean Sq F
value P=
COND 3 42861 14287
3.645 0.0355
TIME 1 473
473 0.175 0.681
COND*TIME 3 975 325
0.120 0.947
Error 16 43219 2701
By contrast, using the following R command:
summary(aov(SIGNAL~(COND+TIME+COND*TIME)+Error(EXPNO/COND),
Type="III"))
the output was as follows:
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
COND 3 26516 8839 3.2517 0.03651 *
TIME 1 473 473 0.1739 0.67986
COND:TIME 3 975 325 0.1195 0.94785
Residuals 28 76107 2718
I don't understand why the two results are discrepant. In
particular, I'm not sure why R is yielding 28 DF for the residuals
whereas SPSS only yields 16. Can anyone help?
John Maindonald email: john.maindonald at anu.edu.au phone : +61 2 (6125)3473 fax : +61 2(6125)5549 Centre for Bioinformation Science, Room 1194, John Dedman Mathematical Sciences Building (Building 27) Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200.