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slowness of plot(x, type='l')

4 messages · ronggui, Brian Ripley, apjaworski@mmm.com

#
A couple of days ago a few messages indicated that something changed in the
basic plot routine that made plot(*, type='l') slow for large data sets.
Some people even reported crashes for very large data sets.  As far as I
remember, this was not reported as a formal bug.

I am still not sure if this is a bug, so I report my findings here.  First
of all, I think I see a slowdown of the plot function, although I do not
have older versions of R installed, so I cannot do side-by-side
comparisons.  Secondly, I noticed that the behavior of plot(*, type='l')
differs.  Before R-2.1, the plotted lines would appear on the plot
gradually.  Now, after the wait, the whole plot appears at once.

Here are my timing results.  I am on Windows2000, IBM Intellistation with
Xenon 2.8MHz with 1Gb of memory.  I checked May-06 versions of R-patched
and R-devel built from sources.  I ran the following simple test:

x <- rnorm(n)
date(); plot(x, type='l'); date()

Here are the timings:

      n     seconds
      5000  1
      6000  2
      7000  4
      8000  6
      9000  9
      10000 13
      12000 22
      14000 36
      20000 91

It looks like only type='l' and type='o' exhibit this behavior.  All other
types produce plots in approximately 1 second.  Also, the (long) wait and
plot at once behavior happens with the two types mentioned.  All others
(except 'n' of course) produce gradually appearing plots.

Hope this helps,

Andy

__________________________________
Andy Jaworski
518-1-01
Process Laboratory
3M Corporate Research Laboratory
-----
E-mail: apjaworski at mmm.com
Tel:  (651) 733-6092
Fax:  (651) 736-3122
#
On Fri, 06 May 2005 15:19:01 -0500
apjaworski at mmm.com wrote:

            
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
I have no such porblem,my OS is debian,256M ram and 2Gswap.
[1] "Sat May  7 08:49:18 2005"
[1] "Sat May  7 08:49:20 2005"
_
platform i386-pc-linux-gnu
arch     i386
os       linux-gnu
system   i386, linux-gnu
status
major    2
minor    1.0
year     2005
month    04
day      18
language R
#
Plotting times depend on the graphics device.  That is nowhere mentioned 
here, which is unhelpful, and we have already seen a post saying it does 
not happen on another unmentioned device (presumably X11).

Let us assume the unmentioned device was windows(), as that is the only 
one I see any slowdown for.  (Others like win.metafile are windows() under 
the skin.)
On Fri, 6 May 2005 apjaworski at mmm.com wrote:

            
Well, _is_ there a bug in R (as distinct from in Windows graphics 
internals)?  I am almost certain there is not in R and this is a bug in 
Windows.
Oh, PLEASE, use system.time() to time things.  Had you done so you might 
have seen things like
[1]  0.03 13.11 13.21    NA    NA
[1] 0.07 0.00 0.08   NA   NA
[1] 0.07 0.93 1.00   NA   NA

so the time is not being taken by R but by Windows.

I can tell you the reason: it is the support for mitred etc line ends 
introduced in R 2.0.0 and only supported in windows() from 2.1.0.  This 
has slowed solid lines down to the sort of times taken for dashed lines 
previously.

Now, the best we can do to work around this is to follow what we did for 
dashed lines, and not attempt to be accurate for very large numbers of 
line segments.  By plotting in bunches of 1000 lines I get
[1] 0.03 0.36 0.42   NA   NA
[1] 0.22 2.89 3.11   NA   NA

We have been here before, and as I recall this slowdown happens only in 
NT-based versions of Windows which seem _de facto_ restricted to about 
1000 line elements in a path: what we were not aware of was that it 
happened for solid lines as well as dashed ones.

I've put the bunching into R-patched.

It is very regretable that this sort of thing was not tested for during 
beta-testing.
2 days later
#
Thanks for the quick response and apologies for my sloppy post (nor
mentioning the device) and sloppy example (the use of date()).

Indeed, I was using the windows device.  There is no timing problem with
the postscript device.

I just installed the R-devel May-9 and the problem went away.  Here is an
example:
[1] 0.07 0.41 0.48   NA   NA

An interesting footnote is the fact that the slowdown of the windows device
did not happen for plot(*, type='c').  The 'c' option plots line segments
without points, so it probably used the "bunches of lines" anyway.

Andy

__________________________________
Andy Jaworski
518-1-01
Process Laboratory
3M Corporate Research Laboratory
-----
E-mail: apjaworski at mmm.com
Tel:  (651) 733-6092
Fax:  (651) 736-3122


                                                                           
             Prof Brian Ripley                                             
             <ripley at stats.ox.                                             
             ac.uk>                                                     To 
             Sent by:                  apjaworski at mmm.com                  
             r-help-bounces at st                                          cc 
             at.math.ethz.ch           r-help at stat.math.ethz.ch            
                                                                   Subject 
                                       Re: [R] slowness of plot(x,         
             05/07/2005 12:36          type='l')                           
             AM                                                            
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           




Plotting times depend on the graphics device.  That is nowhere mentioned
here, which is unhelpful, and we have already seen a post saying it does
not happen on another unmentioned device (presumably X11).

Let us assume the unmentioned device was windows(), as that is the only
one I see any slowdown for.  (Others like win.metafile are windows() under
the skin.)
On Fri, 6 May 2005 apjaworski at mmm.com wrote:

            
the
Well, _is_ there a bug in R (as distinct from in Windows graphics
internals)?  I am almost certain there is not in R and this is a bug in
Windows.
First
Oh, PLEASE, use system.time() to time things.  Had you done so you might
have seen things like
[1]  0.03 13.11 13.21    NA    NA
[1] 0.07 0.00 0.08   NA   NA
[1] 0.07 0.93 1.00   NA   NA

so the time is not being taken by R but by Windows.

I can tell you the reason: it is the support for mitred etc line ends
introduced in R 2.0.0 and only supported in windows() from 2.1.0.  This
has slowed solid lines down to the sort of times taken for dashed lines
previously.

Now, the best we can do to work around this is to follow what we did for
dashed lines, and not attempt to be accurate for very large numbers of
line segments.  By plotting in bunches of 1000 lines I get
[1] 0.03 0.36 0.42   NA   NA
[1] 0.22 2.89 3.11   NA   NA

We have been here before, and as I recall this slowdown happens only in
NT-based versions of Windows which seem _de facto_ restricted to about
1000 line elements in a path: what we were not aware of was that it
happened for solid lines as well as dashed ones.

I've put the bunching into R-patched.

It is very regretable that this sort of thing was not tested for during
beta-testing.

--
Brian D. Ripley,                  ripley at stats.ox.ac.uk
Professor of Applied Statistics,  http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/
University of Oxford,             Tel:  +44 1865 272861 (self)
1 South Parks Road,                     +44 1865 272866 (PA)
Oxford OX1 3TG, UK                Fax:  +44 1865 272595

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