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About basic logical operators
5 messages · Victor hyk, Jeff Newmiller, Anthony Damico +2 more
faq 7.31
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Victor hyk <victor_hyk at yahoo.ca> wrote:
Hello everyone, ????????? I have a basic question regarding logical operators.
x<-seq(-1,1,by=0.02) x
? [1] -1.00 -0.98 -0.96 -0.94 -0.92 -0.90 -0.88 -0.86 -0.84 -0.82 -0.80 -0.78 ?[13] -0.76 -0.74 -0.72 -0.70 -0.68 -0.66 -0.64 -0.62 -0.60 -0.58 -0.56 -0.54 ?[25] -0.52 -0.50 -0.48 -0.46 -0.44 -0.42 -0.40 -0.38 -0.36 -0.34 -0.32 -0.30 ?[37] -0.28 -0.26 -0.24 -0.22 -0.20 -0.18 -0.16 -0.14 -0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 ?[49] -0.04 -0.02? 0.00? 0.02? 0.04? 0.06? 0.08? 0.10? 0.12? 0.14? 0.16? 0.18 ?[61]? 0.20? 0.22? 0.24? 0.26? 0.28? 0.30? 0.32? 0.34? 0.36? 0.38? 0.40? 0.42 ?[73]? 0.44? 0.46? 0.48? 0.50? 0.52? 0.54? 0.56? 0.58? 0.60? 0.62? 0.64? 0.66 ?[85]? 0.68? 0.70? 0.72? 0.74? 0.76? 0.78? 0.80? 0.82? 0.84? 0.86? 0.88? 0.90 ?[97]? 0.92? 0.94? 0.96? 0.98? 1.00
x[x<=0.02]
?[1] -1.00 -0.98 -0.96 -0.94 -0.92 -0.90 -0.88 -0.86 -0.84 -0.82 -0.80 -0.78 [13] -0.76 -0.74 -0.72 -0.70 -0.68 -0.66 -0.64 -0.62 -0.60 -0.58 -0.56 -0.54 [25] -0.52 -0.50 -0.48 -0.46 -0.44 -0.42 -0.40 -0.38 -0.36 -0.34 -0.32 -0.30 [37] -0.28 -0.26 -0.24 -0.22 -0.20 -0.18 -0.16 -0.14 -0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 [49] -0.04 -0.02? 0.00
x[x<0.2]
?[1] -1.00 -0.98 -0.96 -0.94 -0.92 -0.90 -0.88 -0.86 -0.84 -0.82 -0.80 -0.78 [13] -0.76 -0.74 -0.72 -0.70 -0.68 -0.66 -0.64 -0.62 -0.60 -0.58 -0.56 -0.54 [25] -0.52 -0.50 -0.48 -0.46 -0.44 -0.42 -0.40 -0.38 -0.36 -0.34 -0.32 -0.30 [37] -0.28 -0.26 -0.24 -0.22 -0.20 -0.18 -0.16 -0.14 -0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 [49] -0.04 -0.02? 0.00? 0.02? 0.04? 0.06? 0.08? 0.10? 0.12? 0.14? 0.16? 0.18 [61]? 0.20
???? Why does "x[x<=0.02]" return? no 0.02 but "x[x<0.2]" return a subsample with 0.02? ???? Anyone who can tell me why? ???? Thanks! ???? Victor [[alternative HTML version deleted]] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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On 05/03/2013 7:53 PM, Victor hyk wrote:
Hello everyone,
I have a basic question regarding logical operators.
x<-seq(-1,1,by=0.02) x
[1] -1.00 -0.98 -0.96 -0.94 -0.92 -0.90 -0.88 -0.86 -0.84 -0.82 -0.80 -0.78 [13] -0.76 -0.74 -0.72 -0.70 -0.68 -0.66 -0.64 -0.62 -0.60 -0.58 -0.56 -0.54 [25] -0.52 -0.50 -0.48 -0.46 -0.44 -0.42 -0.40 -0.38 -0.36 -0.34 -0.32 -0.30 [37] -0.28 -0.26 -0.24 -0.22 -0.20 -0.18 -0.16 -0.14 -0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 [49] -0.04 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 [61] 0.20 0.22 0.24 0.26 0.28 0.30 0.32 0.34 0.36 0.38 0.40 0.42 [73] 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62 0.64 0.66 [85] 0.68 0.70 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78 0.80 0.82 0.84 0.86 0.88 0.90 [97] 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.98 1.00
x[x<=0.02]
[1] -1.00 -0.98 -0.96 -0.94 -0.92 -0.90 -0.88 -0.86 -0.84 -0.82 -0.80 -0.78 [13] -0.76 -0.74 -0.72 -0.70 -0.68 -0.66 -0.64 -0.62 -0.60 -0.58 -0.56 -0.54 [25] -0.52 -0.50 -0.48 -0.46 -0.44 -0.42 -0.40 -0.38 -0.36 -0.34 -0.32 -0.30 [37] -0.28 -0.26 -0.24 -0.22 -0.20 -0.18 -0.16 -0.14 -0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 [49] -0.04 -0.02 0.00
x[x<0.2]
[1] -1.00 -0.98 -0.96 -0.94 -0.92 -0.90 -0.88 -0.86 -0.84 -0.82 -0.80 -0.78 [13] -0.76 -0.74 -0.72 -0.70 -0.68 -0.66 -0.64 -0.62 -0.60 -0.58 -0.56 -0.54 [25] -0.52 -0.50 -0.48 -0.46 -0.44 -0.42 -0.40 -0.38 -0.36 -0.34 -0.32 -0.30 [37] -0.28 -0.26 -0.24 -0.22 -0.20 -0.18 -0.16 -0.14 -0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 [49] -0.04 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 [61] 0.20
Why does "x[x<=0.02]" return no 0.02
You don't have a 0.02 in your dataset. Evaluate x[52] - 0.02 and you won't get zero due to rounding (as Jeff said, see FAQ 7.31).
but "x[x<0.2]" return a subsample with 0.02?
You don't have 0.2, either. Evaluate x[61] - 0.2 and you get a negative value. Duncan Murdoch
Anyone who can tell me why?
Thanks!
Victor
[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
______________________________________________ R-help at r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
x[x<0.2]
[1] -1.00 -0.98 -0.96 -0.94 -0.92 -0.90 -0.88 -0.86 -0.84 -0.82 -0.80 -0.78
This is a bit off the original topic, but you should really put spaces around the "<". Otherwise you might be surprised when you compare x to -0.2 instead of +0.2: > x<-seq(-1,1,by=0.02) > x[x<-0.2] numeric(0) > x [1] 0.2 Bill Dunlap Spotfire, TIBCO Software wdunlap tibco.com
-----Original Message----- From: r-help-bounces at r-project.org [mailto:r-help-bounces at r-project.org] On Behalf Of Duncan Murdoch Sent: Wednesday, March 06, 2013 7:57 AM To: Victor hyk Cc: r-help at r-project.org Subject: Re: [R] About basic logical operators On 05/03/2013 7:53 PM, Victor hyk wrote:
Hello everyone,
I have a basic question regarding logical operators.
x<-seq(-1,1,by=0.02) x
[1] -1.00 -0.98 -0.96 -0.94 -0.92 -0.90 -0.88 -0.86 -0.84 -0.82 -0.80 -0.78 [13] -0.76 -0.74 -0.72 -0.70 -0.68 -0.66 -0.64 -0.62 -0.60 -0.58 -0.56 -0.54 [25] -0.52 -0.50 -0.48 -0.46 -0.44 -0.42 -0.40 -0.38 -0.36 -0.34 -0.32 -0.30 [37] -0.28 -0.26 -0.24 -0.22 -0.20 -0.18 -0.16 -0.14 -0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 [49] -0.04 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 [61] 0.20 0.22 0.24 0.26 0.28 0.30 0.32 0.34 0.36 0.38 0.40 0.42 [73] 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62 0.64 0.66 [85] 0.68 0.70 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78 0.80 0.82 0.84 0.86 0.88 0.90 [97] 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.98 1.00
x[x<=0.02]
[1] -1.00 -0.98 -0.96 -0.94 -0.92 -0.90 -0.88 -0.86 -0.84 -0.82 -0.80 -0.78 [13] -0.76 -0.74 -0.72 -0.70 -0.68 -0.66 -0.64 -0.62 -0.60 -0.58 -0.56 -0.54 [25] -0.52 -0.50 -0.48 -0.46 -0.44 -0.42 -0.40 -0.38 -0.36 -0.34 -0.32 -0.30 [37] -0.28 -0.26 -0.24 -0.22 -0.20 -0.18 -0.16 -0.14 -0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 [49] -0.04 -0.02 0.00
x[x<0.2]
[1] -1.00 -0.98 -0.96 -0.94 -0.92 -0.90 -0.88 -0.86 -0.84 -0.82 -0.80 -0.78 [13] -0.76 -0.74 -0.72 -0.70 -0.68 -0.66 -0.64 -0.62 -0.60 -0.58 -0.56 -0.54 [25] -0.52 -0.50 -0.48 -0.46 -0.44 -0.42 -0.40 -0.38 -0.36 -0.34 -0.32 -0.30 [37] -0.28 -0.26 -0.24 -0.22 -0.20 -0.18 -0.16 -0.14 -0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 [49] -0.04 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 [61] 0.20
Why does "x[x<=0.02]" return no 0.02
You don't have a 0.02 in your dataset. Evaluate x[52] - 0.02 and you won't get zero due to rounding (as Jeff said, see FAQ 7.31).
but "x[x<0.2]" return a subsample with 0.02?
You don't have 0.2, either. Evaluate x[61] - 0.2 and you get a negative value. Duncan Murdoch
Anyone who can tell me why?
Thanks!
Victor
[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
______________________________________________ R-help at r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
______________________________________________ R-help at r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.