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The Origins of R

18 messages · John Maindonald, Rolf Turner, Wacek Kusnierczyk +9 more

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In another thread on this list, various wild allegations have been  
made, relating to the New York Times article on R.  I object both to  
the subject line and to the content of several of the messages, and  
will not repeat or quote any of that content.  It smacks to me of  
mischief making.

Discussion has centered around the following quote from the NY Times  
article:
?According to them, the notion of devising something like R sprang up  
during a hallway conversation. They both wanted technology better  
suited for their statistics students, who needed to analyze data and  
produce graphical models of the information. Most comparable software  
had been designed by computer scientists and proved hard to use.?
The comment that "the notion of devising something like R sprang up  
during a hallway conversation" is strictly true.  Certainly, this  
seems like a very plausible account.  I'd have more difficulty  
believing that the notion was communicated to them in separate  
dreams.  Part of the wanted technology was freedom for students to  
take the software home, or copy it down from the web.
There was a further story to be told, about the origins of the  
language that Ross and Robert implemented and adapted.  The NY writer  
pretty much left out that part of the story (S did get a mention, but  
its connection with R did not), but did remedy this omission in a  
follow-up.
Nor did the article do much to acknowledge the workers and work that  
has gone into R's continuing development. Getting the attributions  
"right" is difficult.  Even if "right" according to common conventions  
(and one can argue as to just what the conventions are, especially in  
the matter of computer language development), they are unlikely to be  
totally fair.  Stigler's Law of Eponomy has wide sway!

In the preface to the first and second edition of "Data Analysis and  
Graphics Using R", we have:
"The R system implements a dialect of the S language that was  
developed at AT&T Bell Laboratories by Rick Becker, John Chambers and  
Allan Wilks".
The only 1st edition attribution to Ihaka and Gentleman was in Chapter  
12: "For citing R in a publication, use Ihaka and Gentleman (1996)".   
[NB: Type citation() to see the form of citation that should now be  
used.]
That was as it now strikes me unfair to Ross and Robert, but no-one  
complained.  Perhaps no-one ever read that far through the preface!

There's an excellent brief summary of the history of R, and its  
connections with S, in Section 1.4 of John Chambers' "Software for  
Data Analysis".    Appendix A has further details on the development  
of S, a kind of pre-history of R.

John Maindonald             email: john.maindonald at anu.edu.au
phone : +61 2 (6125)3473    fax  : +61 2(6125)5549
Centre for Mathematics & Its Applications, Room 1194,
John Dedman Mathematical Sciences Building (Building 27)
Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200.
#
John,

I certainly had that same impression of "mischief making" ? I would call 
it trolling with the intent of trying to discredit R, its developers & 
contributors. "Mischief making" indeed!

Regards,
Tom
John Maindonald wrote:

  
    
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On 4/02/2009, at 2:00 PM, Thomas Adams wrote:

            
<snip>

Indeed.  The postings exuded a tabloid-esque level of slimy nastiness.

	cheers,

		Rolf Turner
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Indeed, indeed. But I do not feel that that is necessarily the case. Credit
should be given where credit is due. And that, I believe is the issue that
is getting (some) people hot and bothered. Certainly, Trevor Hastie in his
reply to the NY Times article, was not too happy with this aspect of the
story.

Granted, his comments were not made on this list, but the objection is
essentially the same. I would not call what he had to say "Mischief making"
or smacking of a "tabloid-esque level of slimy nastiness." The knee-jerk
reaction seems to be that this is a criticism of R. It is not. It is a
criticism of a poorly researched article.

It also is an undeniable and inescapable fact that most S code runs in R.

Regards, Mark.
Rolf Turner-3 wrote:

  
    
#
Rolf Turner wrote:
utterly self-ironic.

vQ
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It seems to me that the "other side" from John's
post here have complaints resulting from how
newspapers operate.  While few readers here
are likely to have much direct experience with
newspapers, a lot (I presume) have experience
with submitting papers to journals.

Such experience is likely to include demands to
cut out large portions of the original in order to
cut down on page count.  The same process
operates in newspapers, but to the third power
(and generally under considerable time pressure).

My reaction to the section of the original NYT
article under discussion was that it was a
disjointed mess due to editing rather than a slight
to anyone anywhere.

Patrick Burns
patrick at burns-stat.com
+44 (0)20 8525 0696
http://www.burns-stat.com
(home of "The R Inferno" and "A Guide for the Unwilling S User")
John Maindonald wrote:
#
Patrick Burns wrote:

            
I think that is pretty much spot on.

I can imagine Ross or Robert explaining why they couldn't use S-PLUS for
computer labs in 1992: The licences were too expensive, and the whole
thing was designed to run on Unix workstations or terminals connected to
a department minicomputer, plus there was this issue that it stored all
variables in files, causing a harddisk bottleneck. Filter that through a
journalist and he might well come up with a "simplified" wording like we
see in the article.

(The scary bit is that this sort of thing occurs almost every time we
happen to know the actual background behind news stories, but still we
tend to believe the information we get from the press in any other matter.)
#
On 4/02/2009, at 8:15 PM, Mark Difford wrote:

            
The problem is not with criticism of the NY Times article, although  
as Pat
Burns and others have pointed out this criticism was somewhat  
misdirected
and unrealistic considering the exigencies of newspaper editing.  The  
problem
was with a number of posts that cast aspersions upon the integrity of
Ihaka and Gentleman.  It is these posts that exuded tabloid-esque slimy
nastiness.

I am sure that Ross and Robert would never dream of failing to give  
credit
where credit is due and it is almost certainly the case that they  
explained
the origins of R in the S language to the writer of the NYT article  
(wherefrom
the explanation was cut in the editing process).

Those of us on this list (with the possible exception of one or two  
nutters)
would take it that it goes without saying that R was developed on the  
basis
of S --- we all ***know*** that.  To impugn the integrity of Ihaka  
and Gentleman,
because an article which *they didn't write* failed to mention this  
fact, is
unconscionable.

	cheers,

		Rolf Turner

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#
<snip>

Those of us on this list (with the possible exception of one or two  
nutters)
would take it that it goes without saying that R was developed on the  
basis
of S --- we all ***know*** that.  

<snip>


Just want to clarify that the nutters referred to here are not the same
as the Nutters that bear my name :-)

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#
Hi Rolf,

It is good to have clarification, for you wrote "..,the postings...,"
tarring everyone with the same brush. And it was quite a nasty brush. It
also is conjecture that "this was due to an editor or sub-editor," i.e. the
botched article.

I think that what some people are waiting for are factual statements from
the parties concerned. Conjecture is, well, little more than conjecture.

Regards, Mark.
Rolf Turner-3 wrote:

  
    
#
On 04-Feb-09 20:45:04, Nutter, Benjamin wrote:
Surely the Nutters are a Movement or a Party[1] whose members
are nutters?

[1] In the UK we have long had the Monster Raving Loony Party,
    which (at least in a 1990 bye-election) made a serious dent
    in the political scene.
    See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monster_Raving_Looney_Party

:-)
Ted.

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E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <Ted.Harding at manchester.ac.uk>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
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Rolf,

Yes, that's what I was referring to as well?

Cheers!
Tom
Rolf Turner wrote:

  
    
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On 2/4/2009 3:53 PM, Mark Difford wrote:
I think that all appeared on January 8 in Vance's blog posting, with a 
comment on it by David M Smith on Jan 9.  So those people have -27 days 
still to wait.

Duncan Murdoch
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Then there was no need for vituperative comments (not from you, of course):
simply point doubters to the right place, as you have done. But Mr. Vance's
comments only deepen the "mystery."

If Mr. Vance was aware of the true origins of R, why did he choose to
misrepresent them in his article, which is what got the publicity and which
is the item that most people saw/read? Most right-thinking people don't,
wouldn't, or haven't taken the matter further than that. Their criticisms,
as mine have been, have been aimed at the NY Times and Mr. Vance's lack of
ethics. It also seems clear from Mr. Vance's comments that there was no
editorial or sub-editorial meddling.

The knee-jerk reaction ? Well, it is almost amusing to see how sensitive
some very hard-nosed individuals on this list can be, or have become.

Regards, Mark.

still to wait.
Duncan Murdoch-2 wrote:

  
    
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On 2/5/2009 1:05 AM, Mark Difford wrote:
That's not what I read in the posting to this list that I cited.

I doubt if Ashlee Vance is reading this list, so it doesn't really seem 
fair to blame him if he doesn't respond to your attacks.

So I'm not complaining, but the main problem I saw in his article was 
that it didn't mention me.  I knew Robert Gentleman (even had an office 
next to him!) before he started R:  surely that must have been a key 
influence.  Why else did he move to the far side of the globe?  And not 
only that, but to compound the insult, the NY Times has failed to 
mention me every day since then!

Duncan Murdoch
#
Duncan Murdoch wrote:

            
I am sorry to hear that. If I understand you correctly, it seems that Mr.
Vance made an even more botched job of parts of his article than one would
have thought possible. The proverbial curate's egg, it seems.

Regards, Mark.
Duncan Murdoch-2 wrote:

  
    
#
Can we give this a rest  (or take it offline)?  This is the R-Help  
mail list, and I fail to grasp how anyone is being helped to use R by  
this endless discussion.

-Roy M.


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#
Consider yourself lucky!
I'm sure there are many people who would
prefer not to see their name in the NYT. ;-)

Murray Coooper

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Duncan Murdoch" <murdoch at stats.uwo.ca>
To: "Mark Difford" <mark_difford at yahoo.co.uk>
Cc: <r-help at r-project.org>
Sent: Thursday, February 05, 2009 10:16 AM
Subject: Re: [R] The Origins of R